• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
  • 引用文献
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  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:
    Mold stabilizer for a molding equipment for a block brick machine typically used for the manufacture of concrete slabs in the form of paving stones, tiles and paving blocks for space paving and wall building or elements. The invention provides a stabilizer for a molding equipment comprising means which minimizes the deflection of the molding part during the compaction of the concrete blanks and at the same time is retracted so that a molding of the product can be carried out in the normal way. With the shape stabilizer, thinner items of tiles, paving stones and elements can be made than can be done without.
    公开号:DK201170604A
    申请号:DKP201170604
    申请日:2011-11-03
    公开日:2013-05-04
    发明作者:Jesper B Rasmussen；Hansen Erik Spangenberg；Sejrup Kjeld
    申请人:Kvm Industrimaskiner As；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    Shape stabilizer that reduces shape deflection Description
    The present invention relates to a molding device with stabilizers which reduces and minimizes the deflection of the molding subpart during the compression phase of the production cycle.
    The molding equipment is used for concrete casting machines of the kind typically used for the manufacture of moldings in the form of tiles and paving stones for space paving, wall construction and for concrete elements.
    The stabilizers are most useful in the production of thin products such as tiles and paving stones.
    The molding equipment comprises a cell subdivision having both up and down open cells defining the desired basic shape of the individual blocks, tiles or elements, and a corresponding upper part having, from an upper holding plate, lowering pressure pistons formed with lower printing plates to suit down into the respective underlying cells of the subpart and thereby usable for downward restraints during the compression phase, as well as for projecting the moldings from the cells and wherein the upper part comprises at least one stabilizer that minimizes deflection of the subpart and ensures that the sub part maintains contact with the production plate during compression; at the same time it is withdrawn during the shaping process.
    The equipment is used in such a way that the lower part of the molding equipment is placed on a production plate, typically with a steel casting plate inserted between the lower part and the production plate. All the parts are placed on a vibration table with the upper part of the mold in a raised position above the lower part.
    A concrete loading trolley is guided along the top of the lower part, in the space below the upper part, for loading concrete into the molding cells on the lower part for full concrete filling thereof, which occurs during one to several filling vibrations. When the filling is completed, the concrete filling trolley is pulled out and the upper part is lowered until the pressure plates come into contact with the concrete surfaces in the respective casting cells. Then, the upper part is utilized as a multi-pressure piston for compressing the concrete mass in the individual molding cells, which is done under heavy shock vibration of the molding equipment for separating air from the concrete mass. This compresses the moldings to the desired compact block shape and uniform thickness. Here, during the entire compression phase, the mold stabilizers support the center of the mold sub-part to prevent the center of the mold sub-part from being lifted free of the production plate.
    After compression is completed, the upper part is retained at the final height relative to the lower part and after the steel casting plate has been withdrawn, the lower part is forced to raise from the casting board, whereby the castings which at the sustained pressure of the upper part will not participate in this raising will remain standing on the production plate. during that deformation. The stabilizers are retracted at the same time to allow the molding part to be raised.
    When the molding is completed by raising the lower part to a position in which the lower part of the lower part is raised at least to the level of the upper part pressure plates, the semi-solid castings can be removed from the vibration table by ejecting therefrom, after raising the upper part, after which a new casting cycle can be started after immersion. of the lower part to the next pushed production plate with the typical steel cast plate used, and raising the upper part to its initial position.
    In the past, the production of thin products, such as tiles and thin paving stones, on large machines has been a balance between the thickness of the product and the size of the machine. The thinner the product, and thus the lower mold, the greater the deflection of the mold part, which is why low molds were typically used on smaller machines which are usually narrower. Smaller molds are relatively stiffer than larger molds with the same geometric dimensions.
    It is related to the way a block machine produces the products by placing and holding a mold subpart on a production plate.
    A mold subpart is typically made up of a mold frame which has projecting brackets to the sides, molders which the block stone machine engages to retain the mold subpart in the machine and at the same time imposes a downward restraining force on the mold sub part.
    Typically, a mold insert is placed in the mold frame, which is the cellular structure that forms the shape of the stones and at the same time is the part of the mold subpart that is worn. Alternatively, the slots forming the cellular structure may be attached directly to the mold frame.
    The mold sub-part may also be constructed in a unit where the cell division is made in the sub-part, thus containing both molders, driving rails / side restriction and cell division. The entire mold subpart is therefore discarded when the cellular structure is worn.
    The cell-divided mold subpart with both up and down open cells is retained in the sides of protruding brackets, augers, with a downward retaining force. The lower part of the mold thus tends to bend in the middle of the structure, because the die part is actuated with a downward force on both sides for the holding of the mold the lower part against the production plate.
    The lower a product that is desired to be produced, the lower the shape of the lower part must be, and when it comes down to having to produce thin products such as 4 cm tiles, the lower part of the mold only becomes about 4.5 to 5.0 cm high and at 3 cm for products, the mold height is only 3.4 to 3.8 cm high.
    Obviously, when the augers, the laterally extending brackets, are force-driven with a downward force to hold the die sub-part down against the production plate, the entire structure will tend to bend, so that the center of the die sub-part is lifted free of the production plate. The greater the size of a tile / paving stone, the less structure there is left to provide stability and stiffness of the molding part.
    For example, at 40x40cm tiles, on a large block machine typically there are only 3 transverse cell walls through the mold.
    One option that has been attempted is to extend the mold frame beyond the length of the production plate and then outside the production plate, to place transverse structures projecting below the top of the production plate so that the strength of the mold frame is significantly increased. However, this solution is not applicable with molding equipment of the kind to which the invention is directed, and partly it is not applicable if there is a steel casting plate inserted between the molding sub-part and the production plate, and in addition the molding frame during the molding cycle must be raised higher as the transverse collapse. on the mold frame, there is a very high chance that the pressure plates pass through the cellular subpart. This problem is solved in DK 2002 00156 U4 with guiding pressure plates - but in order to really gain strength in the mold frame, a reduction that will often exceed the thickness of the production plate is required - in addition to the longer migration which costs cycle time, it becomes difficult to maintain the production plate during the main compaction . This will also require a specially designed vibration system to succeed, just as the production plate feed arrangement must be specially designed.
    The molding part must raise the additional height that the transverse reinforcing structure extends below the level of the production plate, because the newly cast products must pass under this transverse structure when pushed out of the machine before the next casting cycle can begin
    Another possibility of removing the deflection of the mold sub-part may be to lock the mold sub-part together with the production plate and the vibration table. It has been attempted with a resonant vibration system for a block stone machine as partially described in DE 10 039 028 A1. The solution is not applicable for several reasons. On the one hand, a frequently used steel casting plate will be in the way at least on one side, and in many cases the shape height of the lower part is so low that it will not be practically possible to place / make room for the interlocking mechanism. The mode of vibration itself is not so applicable to the shock vibration normally used on a block machine - it would change the whole production method.
    During the concrete filling itself, the deflection of the mold sub-part is not critical, since a particularly large retaining force is not typically required; but during the main compaction itself, where even very large vibrational forces are applied from the vibration system, there is a need to increase the downward restraint force. The force with which the overpressure pistons affect the products does not have any significant influence on the deflection of the molding part, since the pistons only affect the concrete filled in the cells. In fact, the effect that comes from the influence of the pistons on the concrete in the cells is an amplification of the deflection tendency, as concrete is pressed out under the cell walls, which further reinforces the deflection of the mold subpart.
    It is thus the object of the present invention to provide a molding equipment which alleviates the disadvantages mentioned above and, by increasing stiffening of the molding equipment, ensures that no inappropriate deflection occurs.
    The present invention provides for this with a molding equipment of the above-mentioned kind, which is particularly distinguished by the fact that the molding equipment consists of an upper part and a lower part for concrete casting machines of the kind typically used for the manufacture of moldings in the form of paving blocks for space paving and wall construction. wherein the molding equipment comprises a subpart with a cellular insert having both up and down open cells defining the desired basic shape of the individual concrete bricks and a corresponding upper part having lower legs formed from an upper holding plate having lower printing plates, said printing plates fits into the respective underlying cells of the lower part and is thereby useful for downwardly projecting moldings from the cells, wherein the upper part or lower part comprises at least one mold stabilizer, which mold stabilizer comprises a first part attached to either the upper part or the lower part, and a second extendable part, which other part can is deferred and thereby brought into contact with the opposing subpart or upper part during the application of a restraining force, thereby preventing unintentional deflection of the lower part during the compression phase, which extendable portion may retract during the deformation phase where the shape stabilizer is arranged outside the cell-parted insert.
    This is where the new invented shape stabilizer comes in and makes a downward holding force on the mold frame in the middle of the mold subpart. The stabilizer, which in the illustrated embodiment is mounted on the retaining plate of the die, has projecting pistons which, during the compression phase itself, affect the die lower with a downward force, thereby significantly reducing the deflection of the die. The construction of the stabilizer in the embodiment shown is a cylinder where an appropriately adjustable downward pressure is maintained, but at the same time it is possible for the piston to be flexible in that the air / oil can be compressed in an accumulator not shown. The accumulator captures and returns the amount of air / oil that will come as the mold vibrates and the upper part moves down during the compression of the concrete. The more the lift is attempted in the stabilizers, the greater the pressure and thus the holding force. One or more stabilizers may be mounted depending on the cell-subdivision design. The stabilizers can be either pneumatic or hydraulically acting cylinders.
    The shape stabilizers can be performed in a variety of ways. They may, as shown, be located below the molding retaining plate, or in other embodiments where the machine structure / shape prevents space being created below the molding retaining plate, it may be more convenient to place them on top of the molding retaining plate and protrude through the retaining plate with long bumps. , for example, if the shape of the mold means that there is no space under the holding plate or greater force is required than is possible to provide under the holding plate or longer stroke length is required to allow deformation.
    Another way could be that the stabilizer was mounted directly on the machine's permanent restraints, either for spatial or structural reasons, or that stabilizers were needed on a large amount of the molds used in the machine.
    Another reason for mounting the mold stabilizer directly on the paver's permanent restraint may be that a greater downward force is needed on the center of the mold bottom than the upper holding plate of the mold upper is capable of transferring.
    Instead, as shown in the form of cylinders, the stabilizer may be a spring-actuated stabilizer, with locking pawl / brake, which allows the stabilizers to be pushed back during deformation. The springs may be the types of coil springs, plate springs, leaf springs, torsion springs or rubber springs.
    The springs may be linear or progressive depending on the conditions required in the specific cases.
    The invention is explained in brief with reference to the drawings in which:
    FIG. Figure 1 shows the location and embodiment of an embodiment of the shape stabilizer.
    FIG. 2 shows a detailed view of the embodiment of the shape stabilizer
    FIG. 3 shows how the forces affect the mold subpart.
    FIG. Fig. 4 shows FEM (Finite Element Method) calculation of how a low forcing part bends at a given downward holding force without the shape stabilizer
    FIG. 5 shows FEM calculation of how a low die sub-bend deflects at a given downward holding force with the shape stabilizer
    FIG. Figure 6 shows the position of the shape stabilizer directly on the paving machine's permanent restraints.
    Figure 1 shows a molding equipment (2) with a molding stabilizer (14) mounted below the upper holding plate (8) of the molding part (4). The mold body (4) is shown in a situation where the pressure plates (12) of the mold body (4) mounted on projecting legs (10) have just come into contact with the concrete filled in the cellular insert (7). The mold stabilizer (14) consists of a cylinder tube (15) mounted on the upper holding plate (8) and a cylinder stick with stop block (16). In the illustrated situation, the cylinder stick with the stop block (16) presses the mold frame of the mold subpart (6) into the area where the cellular insert (7) is fixed in the mold frame (5). The mold frame is retained in the block stone machine by the machine exerting a retaining pressure on the moldings (18) so that the molding sub-part (6) is pressed down against the production plate (24) not shown. In order to control the die sub-part, there are often also guide holes (20) in the die earrings (18). These holes control the steering pins not shown on the block machine.
    Figure 2 shows a detailed section of an embodiment of the mold stabilizer shown in Figure 1. The position of the mold stabilizer (14) in the center of the upper part (4). The cylinder tube (15) of the mold stabilizer (14) is fixedly mounted on the upper holding plate (8) and the cylinder stick with stop block (16) is clearly supported on the mold frame (5) in the zone where the cellular insert (7) is mounted.
    Figure 3 shows the force effects on the mold subpart (6) when placed in the block machine not shown. The lower part (6) is influenced by a downward holding force (28) acting on the 2 conductors (18). The retaining force (28) ensures that the molding part is held down against the production plate (24). The mold frame (5) can be guided on the die earrings (18) in holes for the guide pins (20) of the guide pins (not shown) which ensure that the lower part (6) cannot be moved horizontally but only allows vertical movement. acting on the augers (18) acts with the lever principle on the outer constraint (26) of the mold sub-part (6) down to the production board (24), thereby creating a torque. This torque effect of the sub-part (6) causes the center of the sub-part (6) will bend upward, leaving an opening between lower part (6) and production plate (24). This is best illustrated in Figure 4, where the lower part (6) is shown in a (greatly exaggerated) bent state (30).
    Figure 4 and Figure 5 show a (FEM) Finite Element Method calculation of a cellular (7) mold subpart (6) respectively without the effect of a mold stabilizer (14) according to the invention of Figure 4 and with the effect of a mold stabilizer (14) according to the invention in FIG. Figure 5.
    Figure 4 shows how the mold subpart (6) bends at a cell division for 6. 350x350x40 mm product - the height of the molding part (6) for the production of the 40mm type tiles is 48mm. The deflection is greatly exaggerated. Figure 4 shows the deflection (30) without the shape stabilizer (14) and the deflection is distributed by a retaining force on the 2 side projecting brackets, augers (18). Dotted lines show the lower part (6) in unloaded condition (32).
    Figure 5 shows the deflection (30) with the effect of the mold stabilizer (14) on the mold subpart (6) with the same retaining force (28). The deflection is reduced by approx.
    75% know that the mold stabilizer (14) provides a downward pressure of 25% of the holding force (28) acting on the 2 molders (18). By increasing the force of the shape stabilizer and / or making their spring action stiffer (progressive springs), this deflection can be further reduced. Dotted lines show the lower part (6) in unloaded condition (32).
    Figure 6 shows the same embodiment of the mold stabilizer shown in Figure 1. The mold stabilizer (14) is shown here located directly on the block head's permanent restraint (34).
    List of position numbers: 2. molding equipment consisting of an upper part and a lower part 4. upper part 5. molding frame 6. lower part 7. cellular insert 8. upper holding plate 10. legs 12. pressure plate 14. stabilizer 15. cylinder 16. piston stick with stop block 18 augers 20. hole for guide pin 22 cylinder bracket for retaining cylinder 24. production board 26. outer limitation of cell division 28. downward holding force 30. lower part shown in bent state 32. lower part shown in unloaded condition 34. retention on block machine
    权利要求:
    Claims (7)
    [1]
    1. Molding equipment (2), consisting of an upper part (4) and a lower part (6), for concrete casting machines of the type typically used for the manufacture of moldings in the form of block paving for space paving and wall construction, the molding equipment comprising a lower part (6) having cell division insert (7) having both up and down open cells defining the desired basic shape of the individual concrete bricks, and a corresponding upper part (4) which has a projecting leg (10) from an upper holding plate (8) formed by lower pressure plates (12), which pressure plates fit into the respective underlying cells of the lower part (6) and are thus useful for downwardly pushing the moldings from the cells, characterized in that the upper part (4) or the lower part (6) comprises at least one mold stabilizer (14), said mold stabilizer comprising a first part (15) attached to either the upper part (4) or the lower part (6), and a second extendable part (16) which can be extended and thereby inserted into the contacting the opposing lower part (6) or upper part (4) during the application of a restraining force, thereby preventing unintentional deflection of the lower part (6) during the compression phase, which extendable part (16) can retract during the deformation phase where the shape stabilizer is arranged outside of the cellular insert.
    [2]
    Molding equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that the mold stabilizer can comprise a pneumatically or hydraulically driven cylinder.
    [3]
    Molding equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that the mold stabilizer is driven by a spring.
    [4]
    Molding equipment according to one or more of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the holding force is either linear or progressively growing.
    [5]
    Molding equipment according to one or more of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the molding stabilizer is located either below or above the upper holding plate (8) of the upper part.
    [6]
    Molding equipment according to one or more of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the mold stabilizer is located in the block stone machine itself.
    [7]
    Molding equipment according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that more than one molding stabilizer is arranged symmetrically around the cellular insert.
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    同族专利:
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    引用文献:
    公开号 | 申请日 | 公开日 | 申请人 | 专利标题
    法律状态:
    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    DKPA201170604A|DK177473B1|2011-11-03|2011-11-03|Mold stabilizer that reduces mold deflection|
    DK201170604|2011-11-03|DKPA201170604A| DK177473B1|2011-11-03|2011-11-03|Mold stabilizer that reduces mold deflection|
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